My research aims to increase our ability to manage such species through improved understanding of community interactions that affect the natural enemies regulating their populations. I am best known for my contributions augmenting native natural enemies for biological control in forested systems, widely cited work still definitive in the field, however, my current research explores hypotheses around displacement of native species in order to better understand the invasion process in forest ecosystems. My specific interests are in community patterns of natural enemies following the introduction of exotics or through forest manipulations using all three approaches of bio-control, augmentation, conservation and classical introductions.